Epidemiology of diabetes
mellitus
As of 2016, 422 million people have diabetes worldwide, up
from an estimated 382 million people in 2013 and from 108 million in 1980.
Accounting for the shifting age structure of the global population, the
prevalence of diabetes is 8.5% among adults, nearly double the rate of 4.7% in
1980. Type 2 makes up about 90% of the cases. Some data indicate rates are
roughly equal in women and men, but male excess in diabetes has been found in
many populations with higher type 2 incidence, possibly due to sex-related
differences in insulin sensitivity, consequences of obesity and regional body
fat deposition, and other contributing factors such as high blood pressure,
tobacco smoking, and alcohol intake.
from an estimated 382 million people in 2013 and from 108 million in 1980.
Accounting for the shifting age structure of the global population, the
prevalence of diabetes is 8.5% among adults, nearly double the rate of 4.7% in
1980. Type 2 makes up about 90% of the cases. Some data indicate rates are
roughly equal in women and men, but male excess in diabetes has been found in
many populations with higher type 2 incidence, possibly due to sex-related
differences in insulin sensitivity, consequences of obesity and regional body
fat deposition, and other contributing factors such as high blood pressure,
tobacco smoking, and alcohol intake.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that diabetes
mellitus resulted in 1.5 million deaths in 2012, making it the 8th leading
cause of death. However another 2.2 million deaths worldwide were attributable
to high blood glucose and the increased risks of cardiovascular disease and
other associated complications (e.g. kidney failure), which often lead to
premature death and are often listed as the underlying cause on death
certificates rather than diabetes. For example, in 2014, the International
Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that diabetes resulted in 4.9 million
deaths worldwide, using modeling to estimate the total amount of deaths that
could be directly or indirectly attributed to diabetes.
mellitus resulted in 1.5 million deaths in 2012, making it the 8th leading
cause of death. However another 2.2 million deaths worldwide were attributable
to high blood glucose and the increased risks of cardiovascular disease and
other associated complications (e.g. kidney failure), which often lead to
premature death and are often listed as the underlying cause on death
certificates rather than diabetes. For example, in 2014, the International
Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that diabetes resulted in 4.9 million
deaths worldwide, using modeling to estimate the total amount of deaths that
could be directly or indirectly attributed to diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus occurs throughout the world but is more
common (especially type 2) in more developed countries. The greatest increase
in rates has however been seen in low- and middle-income countries, where more
than 80% of diabetic deaths occur. The fastest prevalence increase is expected
to occur in Asia and Africa, where most people with diabetes will probably live
in 2030. The increase in rates in developing countries follows the trend of
urbanization and lifestyle changes, including increasingly sedentary
lifestyles, less physically demanding work and the global nutrition transition,
marked by increased intake of foods that are high energy-dense but
nutrient-poor (often high in sugar and saturated fats, sometimes referred to as
the "Western-style" diet).
common (especially type 2) in more developed countries. The greatest increase
in rates has however been seen in low- and middle-income countries, where more
than 80% of diabetic deaths occur. The fastest prevalence increase is expected
to occur in Asia and Africa, where most people with diabetes will probably live
in 2030. The increase in rates in developing countries follows the trend of
urbanization and lifestyle changes, including increasingly sedentary
lifestyles, less physically demanding work and the global nutrition transition,
marked by increased intake of foods that are high energy-dense but
nutrient-poor (often high in sugar and saturated fats, sometimes referred to as
the "Western-style" diet).
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